Stereoscopy: the seeing of objects in three dimensions
In order to view stereoscopic imagery, you must have clear vision in both eyes.
A different image must be delivered to each eye, which requires the use of
special viewing techniques or a stereoscopic display technology. The
stereographic image pair must be well formed and correctly mastered
to produce the desired effect while avoiding eye strain.
Read more in
Foundations of the Stereoscopic Cinema by Lenny Lipton
and
Stereoscopy, Theory and Practice by Paul Bourke.